{"id":3314,"date":"2025-04-25T13:09:42","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T11:09:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/?p=3314"},"modified":"2025-04-25T13:09:42","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T11:09:42","slug":"le-1er-mai-la-classe-ouvriere-se-mobilise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/2025\/04\/25\/le-1er-mai-la-classe-ouvriere-se-mobilise\/","title":{"rendered":"Le 1er mai, la classe ouvri\u00e8re se mobilise"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3315 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/1er-mai.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"220\" \/>L\u2019histoire du 1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">er<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> mai a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 du travail \u00e9tait totale. C\u2019est aux <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00c9tats-Unis<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">\u00e0 partir de<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> 1886, que chaque 1er mai avait lieu <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">une mobilisation. Celle ci avait pour objectif de d\u00e9noncer <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> un<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">e<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> bouleversement g\u00e9n\u00e9ral <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">des conditions de travail<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> de la classe ouvri\u00e8re du fait du renouvellement <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">au rabais<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> des contrats de travail <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">d\u00e9cid\u00e9 par les dirigeants <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">am\u00e9ricains<\/span><\/span><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">de l\u2019\u00e9poque<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>Le 1<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>er<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong> mai 1886<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">, 200 000 travailleurs am\u00e9ricains obtiennent la journ\u00e9e de 8 heures. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">C\u2019est en 1884 que les syndicats am\u00e9ricains d\u00e9cid\u00e8rent d\u2019imposer par la gr\u00e8ve qu\u2019\u00e0 partir du 1er mai 1886 la dur\u00e9e d&rsquo;une journ\u00e9e de travail serait de huit heures. En ce samedi 1er mai 1886 des centaines de milliers d\u2019ouvriers d\u00e9fil\u00e8rent dans tout le pays pour cette seule revendication. Le 3 mai un affrontement oppose les briseurs de gr\u00e8ve aux gr\u00e9vistes d\u2019une usine de mat\u00e9riel agricole et fait malheureusement 4 morts. Un meeting est organis\u00e9 le lendemain. D\u00e8s 1889, lors d\u2019un congr\u00e8s ouvrier, est d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu\u2019il sera organis\u00e9 une grande manifestation internationale \u00e0 date fixe, de mani\u00e8re que, dans tous les pays et dans toutes les villes, le jour convenu, les travailleurs mettent les pouvoirs publics en demeure de r\u00e9duire l\u00e9galement \u00e0 huit heures la journ\u00e9e de travail. Cette date fut le 1er mai. Une date symbole\u00a0! Le 1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">er<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> mai 1891 est organis\u00e9 un mouvement d\u2019une tr\u00e8s grande ampleur, notamment en France. Mouvement malheureusement tragique puisque ce sera le massacre de Fourmies <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">dans le Nord<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> o\u00f9 les gr\u00e9vistes et leurs familles seront fusill\u00e9s par la troupe. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Un jour f\u00e9ri\u00e9 depuis 1948 <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">En France l<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">e 26 avril 1946, le gouvernement reconna\u00eet officiellement le caract\u00e8re ch\u00f4m\u00e9 du 1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">er<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> mai. Il est d\u00e8s lors plus un jour de gr\u00e8ve. Il tourne aussi la page du r\u00e9gime de Vichy <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">et du col<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">l<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">abos P\u00e9tain <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">en le rendant d\u00e9finitivement aux travailleurs. <\/span><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">En 1948, il devient f\u00e9ri\u00e9 et ch\u00f4m\u00e9. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">L\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019une journ\u00e9e annuelle de revendication na\u00eet \u00e0 la m\u00eame \u00e9poque en Europe. Le premier 1<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">er<\/span><\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> mai se d\u00e9roule en 1890 en France. Les ouvriers d\u00e9filent pour demander la jo<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">urn\u00e9e de huit heures. <\/span><\/span><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ils portent un triangle rouge \u00e0 la boutonni\u00e8re.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"> <span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Mobilisation dans les Ardennes<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> D<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">epuis plusieurs d\u00e9cennies, chaque ann\u00e9e le 1<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><sup><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">er<\/span><\/sup><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"> mai est un jour de lutte. <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Les organisations syndicales organisent des rassemblements. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019histoire du 1er mai a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 une \u00e9poque o\u00f9 la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 du travail \u00e9tait totale. C\u2019est aux \u00c9tats-Unis, \u00e0 partir de 1886, que chaque 1er mai avait lieu une mobilisation. Celle ci avait pour objectif de d\u00e9noncer une bouleversement g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des conditions de travail de la classe ouvri\u00e8re du fait du renouvellement au rabais [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"saved_in_kubio":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3314","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3314"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3314\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3316,"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3314\/revisions\/3316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3314"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3314"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pcf08.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3314"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}